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Handbook / Manual / Guide by ASHRAE, 2016
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As part of the vapor-compression cycle for mechanical refrigeration, the heat of compression produced must be rejected to complete the refrigeration cycle. Refrigerant systems may be cooled by air or water. In water-cooled systems, water flows through the condenser and is called condenser water. Condenser water systems are classified as (1) once-through systems (e.g., city water, well-water, or lake/groundwater systems), or (2) recirculating or cooling tower systems. This chapter focuses on open condenser water systems and evaporative coolers; for information on closed-loop systems used in ground-source heat pump loops, see Chapter 49 of this volume and Chapter 34 of the 2015 ASHRAE HandbookHVAC Applications.
Once-Through City Water Systems
Open Cooling Tower Systems
Low-Temperature (Water Economizer) Systems
Closed-Circuit Evaporative Coolers
Other Sources of Water
Overpressure Caused by Thermal Fluid Expansion
ISBN: 978-1-939200-27-3 (for SI versions of chapters)
ISSN: 1930-7705 (for SI versions of chapters)
Citation: 2016 ASHRAE Handbook -- HVAC Systems and Equipment: Chapter 14, Condenser Water Systems